Thursday, Jan. 15th, 2026

Gallatin Ice Moves Forward with Landmark Renovation and Expansion Project

BOZEMAN – Gallatin Ice has officially announced the next phase of the Finish the Ice Barn campaign – an $8.1 million project to renovate and expand the arena into a premier facility that will put Bozeman and the Greater Northern Rockies on the national map for ice sports.

The much-anticipated renovation of the Ice Barn, which will soon be renamed as part of the campaign, will deliver major upgrades that improve the spectator experience, increase community access to the facility, and better serve the skaters, players, and families who regularly visit the arena.  

“This project is over 40 years in the making. Bozeman has yearned for a quality ice facility since a group of volunteers got together to form what would eventually become the Bozeman Amateur Hockey Association, which is part of our organization. This is not just another phase of construction—it’s about creating a lasting space for the community. Every kid who learns to skate here, every family that cheers from the stands, and every adult who laces up for a rec league game will feel the impact of this investment. When complete, this facility will serve Bozeman for generations.” - Jeff Moore, Philanthropy Director at Gallatin Ice

A Major Step in the Finish the Ice Barn Project

In 2017 Gallatin Ice was able to Raise the Ice Barn to build a second facility and rink adjacent to Haynes Pavilion. Phase 1 of the Finish the Ice Barn campaign was completed in mid-2025 and added new seating on the east side of the arena, as well as a sound system and a jumbotron on the north wall. Phase 3, still to come, will include a new central entry and expanded concessions area.

This critical renovation to the west side of the facility, which is anchored by a $2 million donation from the Bottcher families, marks Phase 2 of the campaign. Once complete, at the end of 2026, the "Ice Barn" will be renamed The Bottcher Families Community Ice Center and will feature:

● Seating for up to 1,500 fans
● A new mezzanine and broadcast booth for announcing and media coverage
● A restaurant & pub, The Blue Line Club, on the 2nd floor mezzanine with a viewing balcony
● New locker rooms for MSU Men’s and Women’s Hockey and the Bozeman Icedogs
● Expanded restrooms throughout the facility
● An Executive Suite (Founders Club) offering exclusive, enclosed seating and dedicated food & beverage service for members

Construction is scheduled to begin in early 2026. Heavy construction – including plumbing, locker rooms, steel framing, and foundational work – will run through September 1, followed by light construction and finishing through December. To accommodate construction, the arena will close April 15 and reopen in September 2026 for hockey season. A ribbon-cutting ceremony anticipated for December 2026 will be held once final work is complete.

A Community EffortA portion of the total project—$1.5 million—will be funded through public donations and the purchase of seat naming rights in the arena.

Beginning January 12, 2026, supporters can visit seats.gallatinice.org to purchase naming rights for:

● Arena-style seating on the west side for $1,500 each
● Bench seating on either side of the arena for $1,000 each

Each purchase includes:

● A personalized 3" plaque with a name or preferred text
● First right of refusal to purchase season tickets in the seat(s) for five years
● An invitation to the grand reopening ceremony (anticipated December 2026) and a commemorative t-shirt

Tax-deductible contributions toward the campaign can also be made anytime via individual donation at gallatinice.org.

A New Era for Gallatin Ice
When complete, Gallatin Ice Arena will consist of two buildings: Haynes Pavilion and The Bottcher Families Community Ice Center (previously referred to as The Ice Barn). The arena will reopen for the 2026–27 season as a state-of-the-art community facility that continues Gallatin Ice’s mission of expanding access to skating and hockey for all ages and abilities.

The renovated arena will accommodate up to 1,500 spectators, including approximately 1,100 chairs and bench seats, along with 400 general admission spots for fans who prefer to stand rink-side and cheer from the glass.

“This renovation is going to change the game for players and fans alike. This is what we’ve all been dreaming of – a world-class facility that matches the quality of the programs we’ve built at a caliber the Gallatin Valley community deserves. For our teams, this is a huge step toward competing at the highest level and representing Bozeman on the national stage.” - Dave Weaver, General Manager, Adult Hockey Director, and MSU Men’s Hockey Coach, Gallatin Ice

About Gallatin Ice
Gallatin Ice is a nonprofit organization dedicated to providing affordable, accessible, and attainable ice sports to the Gallatin Valley. Since 1983, Gallatin Ice has fostered the growth of the region’s ice-based sports and recreation community by building quality facilities one phase at a time.

Today, the Gallatin Ice Arena at the Gallatin County Fairgrounds is the exclusive indoor venue for hockey, figure skating, and curling competitions in Southwest Montana, with nearly 3,500 local families engaged in programs throughout the year. The arena welcomes an estimated 200,000 annual visitors—a number that continues to grow.

To meet demand, Gallatin Ice depends on the support of individuals, corporations, and grantmakers. For more information, visit gallatinice.org.

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Why LED Flood Lights Are the Best Choice for Energy-Efficient Area Lighting


Energy consumption has become one of the central concerns of both residential and commercial property owners. Rising utility costs, increasing awareness of environmental impact, and stricter regulatory standards have made it essential to explore lighting options that balance performance with efficiency. Traditional lighting systems such as incandescent and halogen floodlights, while once popular, no longer meet the expectations of modern users. These outdated technologies are not only power-hungry but also generate substantial heat, further compounding energy inefficiency.

LED flood lights have emerged as a compelling solution to this challenge. By utilizing semiconductor-based technology, these lights convert electricity into illumination far more efficiently than their predecessors. The difference is not marginal. Compared to traditional options, LED flood lights can consume up to 80% less energy, delivering comparable or superior brightness. This energy-saving advantage is critical in large-scale applications such as parking lots, stadiums, and industrial yards where multiple fixtures are used simultaneously.

The widespread push for sustainable infrastructure only intensifies the relevance of energy-efficient area lighting. Municipalities, corporations, and homeowners alike are investing in greener alternatives that do not compromise visibility or safety. LED flood lights, with their long lifespan and minimal power draw, align perfectly with these evolving needs. As a result, they are not merely a trend but an industry standard reshaping how we illuminate spaces.

Superior Efficiency and Reduced Operating Costs

LED flood lights are celebrated for their energy efficiency, but the implications extend beyond electricity bills. The technology behind LEDs allows them to convert a significantly larger portion of energy into light, minimizing waste in the form of heat. This characteristic is crucial in environments that require continuous or high-output lighting, where energy consumption can otherwise spiral out of control. The efficiency of LEDs translates directly into reduced carbon emissions, an increasingly important metric in both corporate and government sustainability goals.

Operational savings become evident over time. Unlike incandescent or HID (high-intensity discharge) systems, which often require frequent bulb replacements and maintenance, LED flood lights can last anywhere from 30,000 to 100,000 hours depending on quality and usage. This longevity means fewer disruptions and lower labor costs for replacements. When spread across dozens or even hundreds of fixtures in a facility or municipal area, these savings can become substantial. Businesses, especially those with large outdoor lighting needs, see a tangible return on investment within just a few years.

An often-overlooked benefit is the lower heat emission of LED flood lights. Traditional bulbs generate significant heat, which not only reduces efficiency but can also elevate ambient temperatures in enclosed or semi-enclosed areas. This in turn can increase the burden on cooling systems, especially during warmer months. By running cooler, LED flood lights contribute to a more balanced thermal environment, indirectly conserving additional energy in temperature-controlled settings.

Technological Advancements and Customization Capabilities

One of the most transformative aspects of LED flood lighting lies in its adaptability. Modern LED fixtures are designed to address a broad range of lighting challenges, offering solutions tailored to the specific needs of residential, commercial, and industrial environments. Whether it is the ability to choose between wide-angle coverage or focused beams, or the flexibility to adjust brightness levels and color temperatures, LED technology has made it possible to fine-tune lighting in ways that older systems simply could not accommodate. This adaptability results in improved safety, reduced light spill, and enhanced visual comfort across various applications.

In addition to basic customization, LED flood lights can now be seamlessly integrated with smart systems. Features such as motion sensors, daylight harvesting, remote dimming, and automated scheduling provide significant advantages in both energy conservation and operational control. Facilities managers, homeowners, and business owners alike can program their lighting systems to react to specific conditions, ensuring that lights are only used when and where they are needed. These smart capabilities not only reduce utility costs but also support broader sustainability initiatives that are becoming more prevalent across industries.

As demand continues to rise for high-performance lighting solutions that balance efficiency with smart functionality, many users seek out trusted sources that offer both variety and quality. Retailers with longstanding expertise in lighting technology play an important role in this shift. One such provider is BuyRite Electric, which has supplied lighting and electrical products since 1986 and offers a wide selection of LED flood lighting solutions for both residential and commercial needs. Their curated inventory helps ensure customers can find dependable, energy-efficient options suited to today’s lighting challenges.

Environmental Benefits and Sustainability Impact

LED flood lights are more than just a means to reduce utility costs; they are a cornerstone of eco-conscious infrastructure. The environmental footprint of traditional lighting systems is significant. They consume more power, emit more greenhouse gases, and often contain hazardous materials like mercury, especially in the case of metal halide or CFL lighting. LEDs, in contrast, operate cleanly and efficiently, producing minimal waste and containing no toxic components.

The long operational life of LED flood lights also reduces landfill waste. With fewer replacements needed over time, there is a marked decline in discarded lighting components. This benefit is especially impactful when considering public lighting systems where hundreds or even thousands of units are in service. Municipalities that switch to LED technology not only reduce energy usage but also demonstrate leadership in environmental stewardship and urban resilience.

Additionally, LEDs are highly recyclable. Many components, including the aluminum heat sinks and plastic lenses, can be repurposed, reducing the demand for raw materials. As circular economy models gain traction globally, products that offer end-of-life recyclability become increasingly attractive. LED flood lights fit well within this framework, allowing users to meet environmental compliance targets without sacrificing functionality.

Durability and Performance in Harsh Conditions

LED flood lights are engineered to withstand a range of environmental challenges, making them ideal for both indoor and outdoor applications. Traditional lighting systems can be vulnerable to weather, vibrations, and temperature fluctuations, often leading to shortened lifespans or erratic performance. In contrast, LED systems are solid-state lights, which means they are constructed without filaments or glass envelopes that are prone to damage. This makes them significantly more robust under tough operating conditions.

From construction sites to coastal areas exposed to salt air, LED flood lights have proven their resilience. Many models come with high IP (Ingress Protection) ratings, indicating their resistance to water and dust ingress. This durability ensures consistent performance regardless of rain, snow, or airborne debris. In areas with heavy wind or seismic activity, their solid build quality reduces the risk of failure compared to traditional fixtures, which may loosen or break under stress.

Another advantage lies in their resistance to temperature extremes. High-pressure sodium and metal halide lamps often struggle in cold weather, requiring warm-up times and occasionally failing to ignite. LED flood lights, however, perform reliably across a wide range of temperatures, lighting instantly even in sub-zero conditions. This reliability is essential for emergency lighting and security applications where delay or failure is simply not an option.

Enhanced Light Quality and Visibility

Beyond efficiency and durability, LED flood lights are valued for the quality of light they produce. The color rendering index (CRI) of LED fixtures is generally higher than that of traditional lighting technologies, meaning they can reproduce colors more accurately. This is particularly beneficial in environments where accurate visibility is critical, such as parking lots, sports arenas, and commercial loading zones. Enhanced CRI not only improves functionality but also contributes to the overall perception of safety and professionalism.

LED flood lights also offer a range of color temperatures, from warm white to daylight, allowing users to tailor the ambiance and clarity of a space. Cool white temperatures are often favored for commercial or security applications due to their bright, clear appearance, while warmer hues are better suited to residential or aesthetic projects. This level of control allows property owners and facility managers to meet both practical and design-oriented goals with a single lighting solution.

Another notable benefit is the uniformity of light distribution. Traditional bulbs often suffer from hot spots and dark areas due to uneven illumination. LED flood lights, with their precisely engineered optics and reflectors, provide more consistent lighting across surfaces. This results in fewer shadows, improved visibility, and better overall coverage, enhancing both safety and aesthetic appeal.

Long-Term Investment Value and Future Outlook

Although the upfront cost of LED flood lights may appear higher than conventional options, the long-term financial benefits are unequivocal. Reduced energy bills, decreased maintenance needs, and longer lifespans collectively offset the initial investment. Over a typical product lifecycle, LED fixtures prove to be more cost-effective than their less efficient counterparts. In corporate environments, where budget oversight is strict, these savings can directly impact operational margins.

Additionally, LED technology continues to evolve. As research and development efforts push the boundaries of efficiency and design, prices are expected to decrease while performance improves. Innovations such as tunable lighting, networked systems, and solar-powered integration further expand the capabilities of LED flood lighting. These advances ensure that early adopters are future-proofing their infrastructure against obsolescence.

From a policy standpoint, energy efficiency standards are tightening across many jurisdictions. LEDs are well-positioned to meet and exceed these benchmarks, making them a smart choice not only for today's needs but for tomorrow’s regulations. Businesses and municipalities that transition now gain an early advantage, establishing themselves as responsible and forward-thinking operators in a rapidly changing landscape.

A Bright, Responsible Choice

LED flood lights offer an unparalleled blend of energy efficiency, durability, and performance. They represent the culmination of decades of lighting innovation, meeting the demands of modern infrastructure while addressing environmental concerns. Whether for residential use or large-scale commercial deployment, their benefits far outweigh those of traditional lighting technologies.

The shift toward LED is not simply about saving on electricity; it reflects a broader move toward responsible, sustainable choices. By investing in LED flood lights, users contribute to lower emissions, reduced waste, and enhanced safety in their environments. The superior design flexibility and light quality further enhance their appeal, making them suitable for nearly any area lighting need.

As technology progresses and awareness of energy consumption deepens, LED flood lights are likely to become even more dominant in the lighting market. For those looking to combine practicality with long-term value, they remain the best choice for energy-efficient area lighting.

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Bozeman Symphony Brings Hollywood to Life with Cinematic Legends Concert

BOZEMAN – Prepare for a thrilling journey through some of the most unforgettable moments in film history as the Bozeman Symphony presents Cinematic Legends: The Music of Hans Zimmer & Ennio Morricone over Valentine’s weekend, February 13-15. This spectacular concert celebrates the iconic scores that have shaped modern cinema, featuring music from blockbusters such as The Lion King, Inception, The Good, the Bad and the Ugly, The Thing, and The Dark Knight Suite—all performed by a full symphony orchestra and choir.
 
German-born composer Hans Zimmer is celebrated for his groundbreaking, genre-defining film scores. With a career spanning more than four decades, Zimmer has created instantly recognizable music for countless major motion pictures. His work has earned multiple Academy Awards, Golden Globes, and Grammy Awards, cementing his reputation as one of today’s most influential film composers.
 
Ennio Morricone, one of cinema’s most revered composers, enjoyed a prolific career spanning more than 60 years. The legendary Italian composer wrote music for over 500 films and television productions, crafting timeless scores that continue to captivate audiences worldwide. His many accolades include an Academy Award for Lifetime Achievement and a competitive Oscar for his score to The Hateful Eight.
 
“Hans Zimmer and Ennio Moriccone have created timeless melodies and film scores that are beloved throughout multiple generations,” said Music Director Norman Huynh. “To hear a full symphony orchestra play the music from The Lion King, The Dark Knight, Cinema Paradiso, and The Good, Bad, and Ugly will be a thrilling experience.”
 
Performances will take place on Friday, Feb. 13, at 7:30 p.m.; Saturday, Feb. 14, at 7:30 p.m.; and Sunday, Feb. 15, at 2:30 p.m. at the historic Willson Auditorium, 404 W. Main St., in downtown Bozeman. This special event is made possible through the generous support of sponsors Cal and Tricia DeSouza, Bob and Donna Ritchie, Bruce and Kimberlie Jodar, and Rick Sanders and Janice Hand.
 
Tickets are on sale now at https://www.bozemansymphony.org/music-of-hans-zimmer-and-ennio-morricone or by calling the Symphony office at 406-585-9774. Adult tickets start at $30, with discounted student pricing available.

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Wednesday, Jan. 14th, 2026

Montana Fish and Wildlife Conservation Trust seeking trust manager

HELENA – The Joint State-Federal Board of the Montana Fish and Wildlife Conservation Trust is seeking proposals for qualified organizations to serve as its next trust manager.

This position is critical to the long-term stewardship of a permanent public trust established under the Canyon Ferry Act, with more than $32 million in assets dedicated to land conservation, habitat restoration, and public access enhancement across Montana.

The Joint State-Federal Board of the Montana Fish and Wildlife Conservation Trust was established by the U.S. Congress in 1998, funded by proceeds from the sale of cabin sites on Canyon Ferry Reservoir that had previously been leased from the federal government. The agencies represented on the Trust are the Bureau of Land Management, Bureau of Reclamation, Forest Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks.                                                                                                                                

The trust manager will oversee investment management, disbursement administration, and a range of administrative functions. The request for proposals (RFP) period is open through March 2. Proposals must demonstrate strong fiduciary experience, investment expertise, and a commitment to conservation values.

Interested organizations can request the full RFP or submit questions by contacting board member Tom Darrington at tdarrington@blm.gov. For more information on the RFP, visit the trust website.

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Tuesday, Jan. 13th, 2026

Montana State's quantum research facility awarded $31.5 million for sponsored research, test bed expansion


BOZEMAN
– QCORE, Montana State University’s Quantum Collaborative Research and Education facility, has been awarded a $31.5 million contract with the Air Force Research Laboratory in Rome, New York, for novel research in quantum applications and the development of novel quantum materials, sensors, devices and network systems.

The contract will support research across the university, according to facility CEO Jayne Morrow, who said more than 50 MSU faculty and staff are affiliated with QCORE. Morrow said those individuals mentor students from across disciplines, including mechanical and electrical engineering, computer science, physics, chemistry, business, philosophy and art. Krishna Rupavatharam, QCORE’s chief technology officer and director of MSU’s Spectrum Lab, said the work performed under the contract will provide those students with direct, hands-on research and laboratory experience that ultimately will help them pursue careers in industry and government.

“It opens doors for them to establish career paths with diverse emerging and established industry sectors, including the photonics, vacuum technology, cryogenics and materials industries located in Montana,” Rupavatharam said.

QCORE was formed with an initial $26.7 million grant from AFRL to acquire specialized equipment for testing prototype quantum components. The facility now has test beds for quantum computing, sensing and quantum networks; equipment for materials synthesis and characterization; and cryogenic facilities for testing quantum components at the extremely low temperatures in which they operate. Morrow said some of the funding in the new contract will be used to expand networking test beds.
Establishing industry and government partnerships to advance strategic research priorities is a key element of QCORE’s mission to lead innovative quantum advancements and create pathways for transferring those advances into hardware solutions.

“The quantum infrastructure being developed under this contract will provide researchers at all levels and locations access to cutting-edge resources, thereby transforming the research landscape in the region,” Rupavatharam said.

Morrow said developing a strong sponsored research program is essential for the long-term sustainability of programs like QCORE. Alison Harmon, MSU’s vice president for research and economic development, added that the sponsored research model is an exciting new vehicle to support MSU researchers.

“The QCORE has become a hive of research activity for high school-aged to advanced researchers,” Harmon said. “It is impressive to see the engagement across other MSU research centers and multiple academic departments, including the School of Art.”
Harmon added that QCORE is currently in the process of becoming a Montana Board of Regents approved center, which means it will have an established organizational structure and enduring leadership.

“Developing a center helps advance and accelerate quantum research at MSU and is a signal to funders that we possess the faculty and researcher talent, have invested in the needed infrastructure, and have certainty that we can execute projects successfully for the benefit of Montana and beyond,” she said.  

With AFRL funding, Harmon said, MSU has established nationally unique capabilities that will dramatically shorten the time to commercialization for innovations in quantum networking and communication.

 “I see this as a key outcome of our land-grant mission – supporting Montana entrepreneurs and industry and building a pipeline of future quantum talent and leadership,” she said.

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Big Sky Resort and Rivian Launch Electric Adventure Partnership


BIG SKY — Rivian and Big Sky Resort are partnering to redefine electric adventure and mountain operations. Beginning January 16, Rivian will provide a guest shuttle fleet of R1S and R1T vehicles, alongside daily demo drives and après events throughout winter. As the Official Vehicle Partner of Big Sky Resort, Rivian’s presence supports Big Sky’s commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2030.

"For the last decade, we've been committed to bridging mountain innovation and sustainability at Big Sky—ultimately to enhance experiences for our guests," said Troy Nedved, president and COO of Big Sky Resort. "From state-of-the-art lift systems to solar arrays on team member housing to reclaimed water for snowmaking, each initiative drives energy and resource efficiency to help protect where we work and play.

Big Sky Resort has established itself as a leader in lift technology, operating one of North America's most advanced lift networks. The resort's investment in modern lift infrastructure has increased energy efficiency while dramatically improving the guest experience and mountain access for both winter and summer.

"We believe one of the best ways to understand Rivian is to experience it through a real adventure," said Denise Cherry, VP of Marketing Experiences at Rivian. “Partnering with Big Sky allows us to weave our vehicles into the fabric of the guest experience, showcasing how Rivians enable the ultimate mountain excursion.”

Rivian designs adventure-ready SUVs and trucks built to excel on any terrain. The company’s award-winning vehicles feature specialized Drive Modes that optimize performance at the touch of a button—including Snow Mode, designed to help drivers navigate winter conditions with total confidence.

"This partnership with Rivian aligns perfectly with our brand values and allows us to learn from another industry leader focused on guest experience, innovation, and sustainability," said Nedved. "By bringing Rivian's cutting-edge electric vehicles to our mountain, we're not only reducing emissions but also giving our guests hands-on experience with the future of adventure transportation. It's about showing what's possible when you refuse to compromise between performance and environmental responsibility."

This partnership pioneers how cutting-edge technology and mountain destinations can converge to elevate the guest experience. By embedding Rivian's electric vehicles throughout the resort, the collaboration explores new possibilities for high-performance mobility in alpine environments while transforming how visitors navigate the mountain. Guests visiting Big Sky Resort this winter will have the opportunity to experience Rivian's electric vehicles firsthand while enjoying world-class skiing and mountain hospitality. To learn more about how to experience a Rivian while at Big Sky, please visit bigskyresort.com/partners/rivian.

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Monday, Jan. 12th, 2026

Montana State business professor publishes research on social media and customer service agents

BOZEMAN — A professor in Montana State University’s Jake Jabs College of Business and Entrepreneurship recently published a paper in a highly regarded academic journal, Production and Operations Management, that explores the influence of social media on customer service.  

Huai-Tzu Cheng, a business management professor, was the lead author on the paper, titled“Unveiling the Human Touch: Enhancing Customer Satisfaction Through Personal Profiles of Social Media Customer Service Agents.” It was published online in December 2025 in collaboration with Yang Pan at Tulane University and Rudy Hirschheim at Louisiana State University. POM, the journal, is consistently ranked as a top academic publication by the Financial Times, one of the world’s most authoritative business and economics newspapers. 

The research explores the question of how personalized customer service profiles influence customer behavior compared to standardized profiles. The team ultimately found that personalized profiles can positively influence customer interaction. 
 
To study this, the research team focused on user interactions with profiles of U.S. telecom giant T-Mobile on the social platform X, formerly Twitter. In February 2017, Twitter introduced a new feature allowing companies to create personal profiles for customer service agents that included profile photos, names, personal interests and biographies — leading to a more “human touch” that inspired the paper’s title. Before this new feature, customers interacting with T-Mobile Help accounts on Twitter could only see the company logo and the initials or name of the customer service agent.  

Cheng analyzed how customers interacted with T-Mobile Help’s profiles three months before and three months after the shift and then compared those interactions with those of other telecom company help profiles — AT&T Cares, Verizon Support and Spring Care — who had not yet implemented personalized changes in that time frame. Overall, the analysis found that personalized customer service profiles increased positive sentiment in customer posts on X, reduced the likelihood of complaints and improved customer satisfaction. However, researchers noted the personalized profiles created heightened expectations for timely responses, meaning that delays in response time were more detrimental than with standardized profiles. This finding was a “surprising and critical nuance,” Cheng said.  

Another notable finding, Cheng said, is that while “humanization” drives customers to express gratitude, it does not directly drive satisfaction, which is instead driven by “perceived warmth” and “perceived competence.”  

“This suggests that simply seeming human isn’t enough for satisfaction,” Cheng said. “The agent must also seem warm and capable.”  

These findings will be most useful to businesspeople managing customer service operations on social media or digital platforms, and also to e-service platforms such as X that can gain value by strengthening their features for agent personalization, Cheng said.  

People can draw important insights from the research, she added. For one, personalization is a cost-effective strategy for companies to improve profile metrics and customer satisfaction. She identified the shift as “cost-neutral,” meaning that it can use existing customer service staff and requires no specialized training. 
Additionally, the findings have applicability to artificial intelligence chatbots, indicating that adding humanizing elements to such bots can bolster user connection and trust.  

Cheng also identified pathways for future research, which had a narrow scope confined to X and telecom companies. Future research could ask whether these findings hold true on other platforms with different user cultures and interfaces, such as Facebook, Instagram or TikTok, and if they hold true in other industries such as banking, health care or retail.  

Finally, researchers could ask if a “virtual agent” or avatar can achieve the same positive personalization results as a real photo, identifying if the benefits of social presence can be simulated artificially, Cheng suggested.  

“This work is exactly the kind of expert analysis that generates findings useful for our industry partners,” said Brian Gillespie, dean of the business college. “The publication shows our students the high caliber of research at MSU and diversity of interests of our faculty. Congratulations to Huai on this significant achievement in her career.”  

To learn more, people can access the paper at https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/10591478251388172.   

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Montana State nursing alum Alicia Crane wins national service award for her health care work in rural Montana

BOZEMAN — Montana State University alumna Alicia Crane won a 2025 National Area Health Education Center Organization Alumni/Advocate of the Year Award this winter to honor her efforts supporting rural health care in the Treasure State.  

The annual award recognizes individuals who demonstrate sustained, exceptional service in support of the AHEC mission. AHEC is an organization that receives funding from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, and Crane is one of three people nationwide to receive the award in 2025. 

The Montana Office of Rural Health and Area Health Education Center, based at MSU, nominated Crane for her leadership in rural health care, mentorship of future providers and longstanding support of the AHEC Scholars program at MSU.  

Crane, a family nurse practitioner, is a primary care provider at the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation School-Based Health Clinic based in Lame Deer and Busby, where she delivers essential primary care and health education in one of Montana’s most rural regions.  

"In my current work serving the Northern Cheyenne Reservation, I see every day how vital AHEC's mission is,” Crane said. “This award feels like a meaningful affirmation of our collective efforts to expand health care equity in rural and tribal communities." 

Crane, who is from Bonners Ferry, Idaho, earned a Bachelor of Science in Nursing in 2018 and Doctor of Nursing Practice in 2024 from MSU’s Mark and Robyn Jones College of Nursing

During her time in the DNP program, Crane completed clinical rotations in the Northern Cheyenne Reservation school-based clinic. The relationships she built during that time were so meaningful to her that she chose to continue working there after graduation.   

“I felt called to stay and continue caring for the kids and families there,” Crane said.  
Sarah Shannon, dean of the MSU nursing college, commended Crane’s efforts to improve the health of Montanans.  

“Dr. Crane delivers essential primary care and health education in one of Montana's most rural regions. Her work reflects both clinical expertise and a commitment to accessible care,” Shannon said. “Her work reinforces the principle that ‘where you train is where you remain,’ and her career is a testament to that truth as she continues to strengthen Montana’s rural health workforce and expand opportunities for future providers.”  

Also during school, Crane was an Advanced Nursing Education Workforce Scholar in MSU’s Rural Ready Nurse Practitioner Program, where she learned about key resources meant to support the transition from student to rural health care provider. She now plays a key role in preparing the next generation of rural nurse practitioners as a mentor in the program and as a preceptor for MSU students doing clinical rotations at the Northern Cheyenne clinic.  

“I’ve been involved in supporting students through education and mentorship focused on rural practice,” Crane said. “I’ve helped with simulation and learning experiences that prepare students for real-life rural care — where resources are limited, teamwork matters and flexibility is essential. I continue to support AHEC’s broader goal of strengthening Montana’s rural health care workforce.  

“Montana AHEC has played a huge role in shaping me as a provider and mentor, and I’m grateful for the opportunity to continue serving students and communities through this work,” she said.  

More information about MORH/AHEC and the AHEC award is available at healthinfo.montana.edu/.  

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Wednesday, Jan. 7th, 2026

How American Flags Tell Stories Through Design and Detail

Flags are far more than mere pieces of fabric; they are profound symbols that encapsulate a nation's history, core values, and identity. The American flag, with its distinctive pattern of stripes and stars, serves as a powerful visual narrative, instantly recognizable globally as a symbol of the United States.

Its design elements were carefully chosen to represent the sacrifices made and the aspirations held by the founders. Each component—the colors, the arrangement, and the number of stars and stripes—tells a story of unity, growth, and enduring principles across centuries of evolution.

Understanding the complexity of this emblem requires appreciating both its symbolic significance and its physical craftsmanship, which dictates how the banner endures over time and across different environments. The history, symbolism, and quality variations found in American flags collectively tell a comprehensive story of nationhood.

The Meaning Behind Colors and Symbols

Every element of the American flag's design is rich with intentional meaning that conveys the nation’s core values. The thirteen alternating red and white stripes represent the original thirteen colonies that united to form the independent nation.

The colors themselves hold symbolic weight: Red signifies hardiness and valor, reminding citizens of the courage required to achieve and maintain freedom. White symbolizes purity and innocence, reflecting the nation's foundational ideals. Blue, reserved for the canton (the field of stars), represents vigilance, perseverance, and justice.

The fifty white stars, arranged in nine staggered horizontal rows, symbolize the fifty states of the Union. Each star is equal in size and placement, reflecting the constitutional principle of equality among the states, regardless of population or size.

Variations in Materials and Construction

The quality and construction of a flag are determined by its intended use, leading to significant variations in materials. Flags intended for indoor display or ceremonial use, for example, are often made from richly embroidered rayon or silk, prized for their luxurious drape and sharp visual details.

Outdoor flags, conversely, prioritize durability and resistance to harsh weather conditions. They are typically made from sturdy synthetic materials like heavyweight nylon or polyester, which are designed to withstand sun exposure (UV resistance), heavy wind, and rain without fading or tearing quickly.

Construction quality is visible in the stitching. High-quality outdoor flags feature reinforced stitching along the fly end (the part most prone to whipping and fraying), often using heavy-duty thread and multiple rows of locking stitches to maximize lifespan against the elements.

Historical Changes in Flag Design

The design of the American flag is a dynamic visual record of the country's expansion and evolution. Since the adoption of the first official flag in 1777, the design has been modified 27 times, with each alteration reflecting the admission of new states into the Union.

The most constant elements have been the colors and the original thirteen stripes. The primary change has always centered on the blue canton and the configuration and number of stars, which are updated to correspond with the current number of states.

The longest-standing iteration is the current 50-star flag, adopted on July 4, 1960, after Hawaii became the 50th state in 1959. These historical changes serve as tangible markers of national growth and unity across more than two centuries.

Indoor vs Outdoor Display Considerations

The environment in which a flag is displayed dictates specific design and material choices to optimize its appearance and longevity. Indoor ceremonial flags typically require a sleeve and a fringe, designed for mounting on a staff with finials and displaying a dignified, static presentation.

Outdoor flags must be built for continuous motion and strain. They are usually finished with a strong header and brass grommets, which securely attach the flag to a flagpole via ropes and snaps, ensuring it can be quickly lowered or raised.

Furthermore, proper outdoor display requires consideration of scale; flags are sized proportionally to the height of the pole they fly on. This tailoring ensures both visual impact and structural integrity, preventing a large flag from being damaged on a pole too small to withstand the tension.

Why Design Still Matters Today

The meticulous design and detail of the flag remain relevant because they provide a universal shorthand for national identity and adherence to protocol. The specific arrangement, known as the "Union," reinforces the idea of strength through collective unity among the states.

Respect for the flag, often codified in flag codes, emphasizes the importance of preserving the design's integrity, ensuring that the symbol continues to convey its intended meaning without degradation. This respect underscores its status as the nation's foremost symbol.

Whether seen flying over a civic building, carried in a parade, or displayed in a classroom, the flag continues to communicate the fundamental principles of the nation—history, unity, and shared values—making its design details essential to its power and legacy.

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Monday, Jan. 5th, 2026

Livingston will host its first Restaurant Week from January 19 through January 25

Livingston will host its first ever Restaurant Week from January 19 through January 25, inviting locals and visitors to celebrate the community’s food scene while supporting neighbors in need. The event brings together restaurants across Park County to feature special dishes and drinks, with a portion of the sales from featured dishes benefiting the Livingston Food Resource Center (LFRC).


Community participation is especially important this year as more Park County households face growing economic strain. Rising food and housing costs, combined with cuts to programs such as SNAP, TEFAP, and Medicaid, have made it increasingly difficult for families to make ends meet. 

Restaurant Week offers a simple way to make an impact. Diners can enjoy a featured dish or drink while directly supporting LFRC’s mission of providing food and resources to those in need. Organizers aim to raise $10,000 and establish Restaurant Week as an annual tradition that strengthens community ties, supports local businesses, and helps address food insecurity.

The week begins with a Preview Night on Saturday, January 17 from 5 to 9 pm at 2nd Street Bistro. The Bistro will be matching donations from the sale of French Onion Soup, Moules, Steak au Poivre, and the Bistro Old Fashioned #7 to jump start the week of fundraising.

The official kickoff party follows on Monday, January 19, from 5 to 7 pm at The Murray Bar, bringing together community members, local chefs, and representatives from LFRC to celebrate the start of the week.

From January 19 through January 25, 20 restaurants, bars, and coffee shops throughout Park County will feature special dishes and drinks as part of Restaurant Week.

Restaurant Week concludes on Sunday, January 25 with a Wrap Party from 7 to 9 pm at The Attic. The event is free and honors Livingston’s service industry staff, with music by DJ Prince Carls. Donations collected at the door will support LFRC directly.

Details about each restaurant’s featured dish will be shared throughout the week on Instagram and Facebook at @smallplatehospitality.

Livingston Restaurant Week is produced by Small Plate Hospitality and supported by a grant from Explore Livingston's Tourism Business Improvement District. Sponsors include M Design Group, Chloe Nostrant Photography, Big Sky Eats, Bozeman Magazine, and Livingston’s Ace Hardware.

Community members who want to learn more or get involved can contact hello@smallplatehospitality.com. Donations to the Livingston Food Resource Center can also be made directly online at smallplatehospitality.com/livingstonrestaurantweek.

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News Comments

Bozeman Magazine features Montana artists (past and present) on the cover of every issue of the print magazine, 12 times/year for the past 18 years! Any artist interested in being featured on a future ...

Artist Statement – Welcome to Bozeman Design

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So, we still want to choose this person who mo longer lives or works any longer. Is not a citizen of Montana. And, OVERLOOK any artist here in the Bozeman area.

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