Wednesday, Oct. 15th, 2025

Indigenous Peoples Day celebrated at Montana State with dedication of Elouise Cobell Garden Arbor

Montana State University celebrates the dedication of a new arbor and outdoor educational space at American Indian Hall, named in honor of Blackfeet tribal elder and MSU honorary degree recipient Elouise Cobell, Monday, October 13, 2025 in Bozeman. MSU photo by Kelly Gorham

BOZEMAN
— Around 250 people gathered at Montana State University’s American Indian Hall on Monday to celebrate Indigenous Peoples Day and dedicate a new arbor that completes the vision of the facility.  

The Oct. 13 event, hosted by the Department of Native American Studies in the College of Letters and Science, featured remarks from MSU and tribal leaders and an honor song from musician Chontay Standing Rock, with refreshments provided for attendees and art on display by artist Winold Reiss.  

The arbor is dedicated to the late Blackfeet tribal elder and activist Elouise Cobell, who was educated at MSU and received an honorary doctorate in 2002. Cobell’s son, Turk, and daughter-in-law, Bobbie, attended the event in her honor.   

Walter Fleming, former head of the Native American Studies department who retired this past summer, called the arbor the “final puzzle piece” that completed the $20 million American Indian Hall facility, which opened in 2021 after years of planning and fundraising. Previous groundbreaking and grand opening ceremonies for the hall were also held on Indigenous Peoples Day. 

“I can sleep tonight knowing that that puzzle is done,” Fleming said. “I'd like to thank all of our donors, many of them who are here today, who gave us the final puzzle piece to make this building complete.” 

The arbor was always a part of the building’s design, but the necessary funds to include it were not available when construction began. The daughter of donor Elise R. Donohue, who died in 2015, donated the money to complete the arbor.  

Following indoor remarks, crowds of people gathered around heat lamps to view the Elouise Cobell Garden Arbor, which is located outside between the Drum Room in American Indian Hall and the Native learning garden. Tribal elders delivered a blessing of the ground and the building and performed ceremonial songs. 

“As we bless this place today and hear reflections from our Native students and educators, I invite you to consider the power of place, the importance of community and the enduring strength of the Indigenous knowledge systems,” said Meredith Hecker, head of the Native American Studies department. “This garden is a place for learning, for gathering and for healing, and it belongs to all of us.” 

The arbor complements the circular design of American Indian Hall and was structured to be an outdoor educational area that softens the space between the built and natural environments. Large boulders provide a natural seating area around a fire pit, which completes the building design’s inclusion of the four elements of earth, wind, water and fire.  

The arbor will be a gathering space for meetings and special events, and faculty who wish to use the space for a class can reach out to the Native American Studies department, Hecker said. She thanked the designers, architects and builders of the space for centering Indigenous voices and values throughout the process.  

Elizabeth Pritchard of MSU Planning, Design and Construction spoke highly of the collaboration involved in building the arbor.  

“The kindness and willingness to communicate about the important pieces of the site and the building truly just changed my life,” Pritchard said. “Communication with the Buffalo Nation fellows and their willingness to teach was an incredible gift and one that I'll take forward with me forever.”  

MSU President Brock Tessman also highlighted the significance of the garden arbor and its namesake to himself, faculty and the more than 800 Native American students currently attending MSU.  

“It is absolutely an honor for Montana State University, and certainly for me, to be connected in any way to Elouise (Cobell) and her legacy,” Tessman said. “To have the garden arbor named for such a landmark person in Native American history is very significant to me and to this university.” 

Cobell’s work exemplifies the mission of MSU, said Robert Rides At The Door, a tribal elder performing blessings and prayers, and demonstrates that education is the best way to resist oppression. Cobell was the lead plaintiff in the largest class action lawsuit in the history of the United States, which contested the U.S. government’s mismanagement of trust funds held by more than 500,000 Native Americans and resulted in a settlement of $3.4 billion. She was posthumously awarded the U.S. Presidential Medal of Freedom for her impacts in 2016 by former President Barack Obama. 

Highlighting the dedication to Cobell, Hecker said the arbor is more than just a structure.  
“It's a living symbol of growth, resilience and reflection,” she said. “It stands as a tribute to Indigenous voices, both past and present.”  

More information about the Native American Studies department, American Indian Hall and Indigenous Peoples Day is available at www.montana.edu/nativeamerican/.  

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Tuesday, Oct. 14th, 2025

The Surprise Element in Each Wagyu Box

There is a particular thrill in opening a package whose contents promise both luxury and intrigue. A Wagyu box arrives not merely as a shipment of beef but as an experience wrapped in expectation. The presentation itself often heightens the senses: the gentle chill of the insulated packaging, the rich aroma released as each layer is unveiled, the glint of marbling that hints at a sumptuous meal ahead. For enthusiasts of fine dining, this ritual is as much about storytelling as it is about taste. The element of surprise is not just in what you receive but in how it makes you feel as the lid comes off.

In many ways, each Wagyu box is curated like an invitation to a private tasting. The unknown cuts and special inclusions transform a routine delivery into a moment of discovery. That feeling of having something rare and exquisite arrive at your doorstep is what makes these boxes irresistible to gourmands. It is more than dinner preparation; it is theater at home, a fusion of anticipation and satisfaction that plays out in the quiet of one’s own kitchen.

The Curators Behind the Cuts

Every Wagyu box tells a story that begins far from the dining table. Behind each selection is a network of butchers, ranchers, and curators whose expertise determines the caliber of the meat. The choice of cuts, from ribeye to tenderloin, reflects not just availability but a deliberate vision of how the recipient’s experience will unfold. This human touch is crucial because it elevates the product from being just premium beef to becoming a narrative-driven gift.

Among these curators, certain brands have emerged as tastemakers for those who seek excellence. One notable example is Destination Wagyu, a premium e-commerce brand committed to sourcing the pinnacle of Wagyu beef across the United States, and its tailored subscription services that offer curated deliveries with unmatched marbling and tenderness. By partnering with renowned suppliers such as Miyazaki and Kagoshima, Destination Wagyu ensures that each box delivers a dining experience defined by quality and sophistication. This approach appeals to customers who value not just what they eat but how it is presented and delivered.

Beyond the Marbling: Hidden Gems

The marvel of a Wagyu box lies not only in its prime cuts but also in its unexpected inclusions. Many boxes feature specialty items like bone marrow butter, artisanal salts, or rare seasoning blends sourced from around the globe. These extras transform a simple meal into an elevated culinary experience and often serve as the linchpin of the surprise factor. They hint at a thoughtfulness that transcends the main course and enriches the entire cooking journey.

Such hidden gems encourage culinary creativity at home. A chef may experiment with seasoning a Wagyu strip steak using a newly discovered smoked sea salt or prepare a rustic broth with included soup bones. These discoveries turn an ordinary dinner plan into a weekend-long exploration of flavors. They reflect a growing trend among premium food brands: the desire to create not just meals but memorable experiences that extend beyond the plate.

The Theater of Taste at Home

A Wagyu box often doubles as a stage for at-home performances of fine dining. Cooking premium Wagyu transforms the ordinary kitchen into a theater of aroma, sound, and texture, where each sizzle and caramelized edge draws a silent applause. This performance invites both the seasoned home cook and the curious beginner to step into the role of chef with newfound confidence.

Such culinary theater owes its charm to the balance between craftsmanship and accessibility. By providing not just the beef but also accompanying instructions or recipes, many Wagyu box brands empower their customers to execute restaurant-level dishes. This not only enhances the surprise factor but also creates a lasting sense of achievement for those preparing the meal.

Tradition Meets Modern Indulgence

Wagyu beef has centuries-old roots in Japan, with each lineage carrying stories of meticulous care and heritage breeding. The concept of the Wagyu box cleverly blends these traditions with the convenience and flair of modern e-commerce. Receiving such a box feels like a bridge between the reverence of ancient practices and the immediacy of contemporary luxury.

In today’s culture of experiential gifting, the Wagyu box stands out as both a nod to heritage and a symbol of refined taste. The traditional marbling techniques, the stringent grading systems, and the ceremonial respect for the cattle’s lineage all add layers of cultural significance to the otherwise simple act of cooking dinner. This historical weight enriches the surprise, giving depth to what would otherwise be merely a premium cut of beef.

Elevating the Gift-Giving Game

The Wagyu box has become a favored choice among those who wish to impress in their gifting. Unlike predictable gift cards or champagne bottles, it conveys effort and discernment. Each box, with its curated selection and elegant presentation, signals to the recipient that they are being celebrated in a truly distinctive way.

Corporate gifting has also embraced the Wagyu box as a tool for forging meaningful connections. A carefully chosen subscription can extend gratitude beyond a single occasion, turning every delivery into a reminder of the relationship. This recurring delight reshapes traditional notions of gifting, where surprise is renewed with every box that arrives.

The Future of Culinary Surprises

As more consumers embrace the culture of premium food experiences at home, the Wagyu box is poised to evolve further. Future iterations might include augmented reality cooking guides, collaborations with celebrity chefs, or seasonal themes that heighten the element of discovery. The allure of surprise will remain central, continually reinvented to captivate a growing audience.

Ultimately, the Wagyu box exemplifies how a simple product can transform into an ongoing narrative of taste and anticipation. Its surprise elements, whether a rare cut, a new seasoning, or an unexpected side dish, invite customers to savor not just what they eat but the journey leading up to it. The legacy of the Wagyu box lies in its power to make every meal feel like a well-kept secret waiting to be unveiled.

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Montana State researchers invent lifesaving medical device for clinical trial patients


BOZEMAN
— A new medical device developed by Montana State University researchers is demonstrating how interdisciplinary innovation can improve health care outcomes in Montana and beyond.  

TrialWear was invented by Elizabeth Johnson, an assistant professor in MSU’s Mark and Robyn Jones College of Nursing. The device is a wearable electronic patch with a scannable code that links to key information about clinical trial patients’ safety needs when accessing care away from their research site, such as at a local emergency department. It prompts patients with a text message when they enter a medical facility to show the code to health care providers.  

Broadly, TrialWear seeks to increase the number of clinical trial participants by removing communication barriers between researchers and hospitals, which may result in participants being taken off lifesaving trials if local care decisions are against trial rules. Most often, patients at large, urban hospitals are tapped for clinical trials due to a lack of coordination with rural areas, Johnson said. 

“Without clinical trial participants, we cannot get new drugs to bedside,” Johnson said. “When surveyed, most people here in the U.S. are willing to go on a clinical trial. But only a small fraction may get to be on a clinical trial due to lack of access or safety issues. We’re looking to narrow that gap.” 

Sometimes, participating in a clinical trial can provide access to a life-saving new drug or treatment for patients whose previous treatments have failed, Johnson said. But if a provider accidentally gives a patient a medication that could interact with the clinical trial, they may be dropped from it. 

Historically, clinical trial patients have carried paper cards with information that are easy to lose, Johnson said. But TrialWear carries that information electronically by linking to a database that contains information about patient medications, guidelines and restrictions of the clinical trial. It was inspired by similar technology used to track aid as refugees move from place to place.  

After several years of testing the device prototypes based on feedback from more than 300 patients, researchers finalized the prototype in July. With the help of MSU’s Technology Transfer Office, it will soon be commercialized, Johnson said. That means Johnson’s team will send the device to hospitals who will provide it to clinical trial patients. Bozeman’s A&E Design is designing packaging for the device. 

The project has received pockets of money from several funders, including the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, the American Nurses Association, an MSU Venture grant, and the U.S. Economic Development Administration. Most recently, the team submitted a grant for $5 million from the National Cancer Institute to broaden partnerships with major academic medical centers. Current funding, including from Rocky Mountain REACH, has permitted new partnerships across Montana and Alaska for older adults and youth ages six to 22 to test the final prototype.  

At MSU, Johnson has collaborated with Geospatial Core Facility researchers Eric Sproles and Erich Schreier; graduate electrical engineering student Noah Hedding; lead mechanical engineer and former graduate engineering student Lea Mulnar; data scientist and former graduate engineering student Jiahui Ma; and community engagement lead former business student Bri Daniels. Additionally, the device’s final form and components have been refined by specialists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 

In 2022, the original TrialWear was a bracelet that patients wore on their wrist. To test its effectiveness, researchers placed the bracelet on a mock patient and then tracked the eye movements of nurses at Billings Clinic working with those patients, which led to an important lesson. 

“When we looked at the eye tracking data, the overwhelming majority of nurses were looking at the patient’s chest the entire time — which makes complete sense. They were looking for vital signs and signs of distress,” Johnson said. “So then we pivoted to make it a smart patch on the chest.”  

The moment the design switched from a bracelet to a chest patch, everything changed, Johnson said. The first design was a bulky, 3-inch bracelet with a USB to plug into a computer, which eventually evolved into a lightweight, waterproof patch the size of a quarter. 

At its heart, TrialWear is a collaborative effort across academic disciplines, Johnson said, adding that she tapped MSU’s Geospatial Core Facility to build the geographic components of the device.  

Sproles, director of the Geospatial Core Facility, said his team essentially reverse-engineered the software used for package tracking and delivery. The goal was to build technology that delivered an alert when a patient went into any medical facility within a geographic area to ensure communication between clinicians and researchers. 

Sproles said this project is the first collaboration between the Geospatial Core Facility and the nursing college.  
“In terms of addressing and improving rural health care, there’s definitely a geospatial component to it that’s quite powerful,” he said. “I feel incredibly honored to be a part of this work.”  

Sproles said the final TrialWear version leverages a lot of different technologies, and the product would not have been achievable even five years ago due to advancements in 3D printing and satellites. 

“This effort really speaks to the value of collaboration and innovation, and how getting motivated people together can lead to a great outcome,” Sproles said. “That’s something MSU really excels at, is connecting people with different types of expertise to solve real-world problems.”  

To learn more, participate in the final testing of TrialWear by trying out the device, or submit feedback, email Johnson at elizabeth.johnson37@montana.edu.  

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Bozeman Fall MADE Fair Offers More at the One-Day+ Event This Weekend


The Bozeman Fall MADE fair is gearing up for another exciting event on October 17–18, 2025, just in time to kick off the holiday shopping season. This highly anticipated fair once again connects artists with the vibrant Gallatin Valley community, offering a fun, family-friendly, and inspiring shopping experience.

Featuring a curated collection of over 195 local and regional artists, the Bozeman Fall MADE fair promises a vibrant showcase of creativity and craftsmanship. From affordable, functional works of art to exquisite heirloom pieces, there will be something for every taste and budget at this year’s event.

Make a day of it with friends and family as you stroll the aisles, meet the makers, and discover one-of-a-kind gifts. For those eager to get a head start, Friday offers a $10 VIP Pass (5–8 PM), while Saturday Early Bird Passes ($5, 9–10 AM) let you shop an hour before general admission.

All ticket proceeds from the VIP and Early Bird Passes will benefit the Gallatin Watershed Council, supporting their mission to protect and enhance water quality and community stewardship across the Gallatin Valley. Attendees can feel good knowing their shopping supports a great local cause.

The MADE fair is more than just a market — it’s an experience. By featuring artists, makers, and non-profits from across the region, the event celebrates handmade goods as a meaningful alternative to mass-produced products. It’s a space where creativity, community, and conscious shopping come together.

Join us for the Bozeman Fall MADE fair, October 17–18, 2025, and celebrate the art of craftsmanship and community. Visit our website to pre-shop participating artists and plan your visit. Let’s make this year’s fair the best one yet!

About MADE fair

HandMADE Montana presents the MADE fairs — modern handcrafted markets featuring local and regional artists and makers. These events highlight a curated collection of skilled artisans and non-profits, offering a platform for artists of all levels to showcase their work. The MADE fairs support small craft businesses, promote handmade goods as an alternative to mass production, and foster a strong sense of community among artists and art enthusiasts.


Event Details

Date: October 17–18, 2025
Friday: 5 PM–8 PM — $10 VIP Pass
Saturday: 9 AM–10 AM — $5 Early Bird Pass
Saturday: 10 AM–4 PM — Free Entry

Location: Brick Breeden Fieldhouse, Bozeman, Montana
Cost: Free Entry & Parking*
Please bring a non-perishable food item to support the Gallatin Valley Food Bank.

Tickets:
VIP and Early Bird Passes available online — limited quantity.
https://www.tickettailor.com/events/handmademontana

Proceeds: Benefit Gallatin Watershed Council

More Info:
Event Details: https://handmademontana.com/pages/bozeman-made-fair
Artists Participating: https://handmademontana.com/collections/bozeman-fall-made-fair-2025

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Monday, Oct. 13th, 2025

The Untold Challenges of Building SaMD That Passes FDA Review

Software as a Medical Device, or SaMD, sits at the intersection of software innovation and medical safety. Unlike traditional apps, which may be updated with little scrutiny, SaMD is held to rigorous oversight by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. This framework requires companies to meet standards that safeguard patients while allowing for advances in digital health. The regulatory environment is complex, and navigating it successfully is a challenge for even the most experienced teams.

The FDA applies a classification system based on risk to determine the level of regulatory control a SaMD product faces. Higher-risk categories require comprehensive documentation, extensive clinical evidence, and a robust quality management system. Developers must align their design and testing processes with these requirements from the outset, which often means building regulatory considerations directly into the product roadmap.

At the same time, the global nature of medical devices introduces another layer of complexity. Companies developing SaMD frequently aim for international distribution, which means balancing FDA requirements with those from Europe, Asia, and other regions. Harmonization efforts exist, but discrepancies remain, leaving teams with the burden of multiple overlapping compliance tracks.

The Burden of Clinical Validation
Clinical validation is one of the most formidable hurdles for SaMD developers. Unlike consumer applications, which can often rely on user feedback and iteration, SaMD products must prove clinical benefit through structured studies. These studies can be time-consuming and expensive, and they often demand a level of rigor comparable to pharmaceutical trials.

Developers must establish evidence that their software meaningfully improves patient outcomes or clinical workflows. This typically involves designing studies with clear endpoints, selecting patient populations, and working with medical professionals who can provide independent oversight. Any misstep in study design risks invalidating the results, requiring costly repeats and delays.

The FDA scrutinizes not just the end results but also the methodologies. How data is collected, processed, and analyzed can be as important as the final outcomes. This level of scrutiny ensures patient safety but also creates significant operational burdens, especially for smaller companies without the resources of larger medical device firms.

Quality Systems and Documentation
One of the less visible but equally critical challenges lies in documentation and quality systems. To gain FDA approval, companies must prove that they adhere to a disciplined process for building, testing, and maintaining their software. This proof comes in the form of extensive documentation that demonstrates compliance at every stage of development.

A robust quality management system must track everything from design requirements and risk assessments to verification and validation activities. Each update or change must be carefully documented, reviewed, and justified. For software teams accustomed to agile practices and rapid iteration, this represents a cultural shift toward slower, more deliberate development.

The burden is not limited to initial approval. Once a SaMD product is on the market, post-market surveillance requires companies to monitor performance, address adverse events, and maintain a documented process for ongoing improvements. The sheer volume of documentation can become overwhelming, but it remains a non-negotiable part of gaining and retaining FDA clearance.

Interpreting FDA Guidelines
For many companies, the challenge is not simply meeting FDA expectations but interpreting them correctly. FDA guidance documents provide a framework, but they are often open to interpretation. This can leave development teams uncertain about how to apply rules in practice, leading to missteps that delay approval.

Organizations such as Enlil bring a practical lens to navigating FDA oversight, showing how careful attention to FDA SaMD guidelines can turn complex rules into actionable strategies for development teams. This perspective emphasizes that compliance is not simply about documentation but about demonstrating a deep understanding of regulatory intent. Teams that adopt this mindset are often able to anticipate reviewer concerns and address them proactively, reducing the risk of costly delays.

Nevertheless, no two products are the same, and what worked for one company may not fit another. FDA reviewers often expect a product-specific rationale for decisions, which means that relying on templates or generic interpretations can be risky. Companies must strike a balance between learning from others and tailoring their compliance strategies to their own devices.

The Pace of Innovation vs. Regulation
The inherent nature of software is rapid innovation, but regulation is designed to ensure safety through deliberate review. This creates a fundamental tension between speed and compliance. Startups in particular face challenges as they try to keep pace with competitors while also navigating the FDA’s often lengthy review process.

Delays can be costly, both financially and strategically. Investors grow wary when products remain in regulatory limbo, and competitors may reach the market first with a similar offering. To mitigate this, some companies adopt a strategy of phased approvals, launching lower-risk versions of their software while continuing development of more advanced features.

At the same time, regulators are beginning to recognize the challenges of applying traditional frameworks to digital products. Initiatives such as the FDA’s Digital Health Software Precertification Program show movement toward more adaptive oversight. Still, the balance between patient safety and rapid innovation remains delicate and continues to test the resilience of development teams.

Data Integrity and Cybersecurity
In an era where health data is both valuable and vulnerable, ensuring data integrity is central to SaMD approval. The FDA requires companies to demonstrate that their software maintains accuracy, reliability, and consistency in its data handling. Any evidence of corruption or mishandling can derail approval and erode trust among providers and patients.

Cybersecurity presents another formidable challenge. SaMD often connects to networks, devices, and cloud platforms, creating multiple points of vulnerability. The FDA has made clear that cybersecurity is not optional but an essential element of device safety. This requires companies to not only build in security features but also maintain ongoing vigilance against evolving threats.

The regulatory expectation is that developers anticipate risks before they occur. This involves creating threat models, conducting penetration testing, and establishing clear protocols for incident response. For companies without deep cybersecurity expertise, this can be a daunting requirement that demands external partnerships and additional investment.

Post-Market Responsibilities
Passing FDA review is not the end of the journey for a SaMD product. Post-market responsibilities represent an ongoing challenge that requires continuous attention. Companies must monitor the performance of their software in real-world settings, collect user feedback, and track any adverse events.

The FDA expects robust post-market surveillance programs that can quickly identify issues and implement corrective actions. This means establishing systems for data collection and analysis long after the initial launch. For smaller firms, building and maintaining such infrastructure can be just as demanding as initial development.

Moreover, every update to the software, whether minor or major, must be evaluated for its impact on safety and effectiveness. In many cases, updates require additional FDA notification or review. This creates a continuous cycle of regulatory engagement that requires discipline and resources, even for companies that already hold clearance.

Preparing Teams for the Long Road
Perhaps the most overlooked challenge is the human factor. Building a SaMD that passes FDA review requires cross-functional expertise in medicine, engineering, regulation, and quality assurance. It also requires a cultural shift within organizations that may be used to moving fast and breaking things.

Teams must learn to think not just as software developers but also as medical device manufacturers. This means adopting a mindset where patient safety and regulatory compliance drive decisions. Training, mentorship, and strong leadership become critical in keeping teams aligned with these priorities.

Finally, resilience is essential. The process of obtaining FDA approval is long, expensive, and often frustrating. Companies that succeed are those that prepare their teams for setbacks and remain committed to the ultimate goal: delivering safe, effective, and innovative solutions that improve patient care.

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Sunday, Oct. 12th, 2025

Artist Statement – Welcome to Bozeman Design


This design celebrates the charm and spirit of Bozeman, Montana, blending iconic landmarks with the rich colors and warmth of golden hour. The illustration features a dynamic “Welcome to Bozeman” sign, surrounded by Bozeman’s most recognizable symbols: the iconic yellow horse, Jubalee, the T. rex skeleton, Big Mike, the historic Montana Hall at Montana State University, and the Hotel Baxter.

Incorporating vibrant sweet pea flowers beneath the sign adds a personal, local touch, evoking the annual Sweet Pea Festival that brings the community together in a celebration of creativity. The color palette is inspired by Bozeman’s picturesque fall season, showcasing the stunning backdrop of the Bridger Mountains and the unmistakable “M” on the hill. The Hotel Baxter, a beloved local institution, anchors the scene, adding depth and character to the cityscape.

Big Mike, one of the largest and most complete T. rex fossils ever discovered, is a Bozeman icon found at the Museum of the Rockies. Jubalee, the yellow horse, a beloved Bozeman landmark since the 1960s, has long graced Main Street and is a symbol of the city’s historic charm.

Hotel Baxter is a historic landmark built in 1929, featuring a blend of elegant craftsmanship and modern amenities. Over the years, the hotel has become a key part of Bozeman’s identity, offering a glimpse into the city’s past while embracing its future.

Montana State University (MSU), founded on November 8, 1893, with the motto “Mountains & Minds,” has been a pillar of education and innovation in Bozeman for over 130 years, playing a central role in shaping the community and the future of the region.

This piece was created with the intention of capturing the essence of Bozeman, from its natural beauty to its rich cultural heritage, and is designed to be a welcoming, bold representation of a town that feels like home to so many.

About the Artist:

Ghassane Moutaoukil is a multidisciplinary designer and illustrator who specializes in creating work that blends history, storytelling, and visual craftsmanship. His creative studio, MG Art Design, explores themes of place, identity, and cultural memory through illustration, typography, and printmaking. Currently based in Washington, D.C., Ghassane is passionate about highlighting the character of Montana through art that connects people to their environment and local heritage.

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Friday, Oct. 10th, 2025

Archery hunters OK after grizzly bear encounters in Taylor Fork

BIG SKY – Fortunately, three archery hunters are uninjured after two recent encounters with grizzly bears in the Taylor Fork south of Big Sky.

The first encounter involved two hunters on Sept. 29. They were hunting in the vicinity of a known elk carcass when they saw a grizzly bear. To make their presence known, the hunters yelled at the bear. The bear reportedly came toward the hunters, and they each fired once with handguns. Both the bear and the hunters left the site without further incident.

Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks staff learned of the encounter on Oct. 1, and after interviewing the hunters, determined it was unlikely the bear was injured.

On Oct. 3, a lone hunter reportedly encountered a grizzly bear at close range. The bear charged, and the hunter deployed bear spray, which stopped the charge. The hunter left the area and reported the incident to FWP.

Be bear aware

Fall hunting seasons overlap with when bears are actively preparing for hibernation. Some areas with dense concentrations of grizzly bears are very accessible to hunters, especially during the archery season. Bears will continue to be active during other hunting seasons this fall.

Montana is bear country. Avoiding conflicts with bears is far better than dealing with conflicts. Here are some precautions to help hunters avoid negative bear encounters:

• Carry bear spray and be prepared to use it immediately.
• Watch for and be extra cautious around bear sign, creeks and areas with limited visibility.
• Most attacks happen in surprise, close encounters.
• Stay away from animal carcasses, which often attract bears.
• Hunt with a group of people. This can help you make localized noise to alert bears to your presence, and it may also increase your chances of survival in the event of a bear attack.• 
• Be aware that elk calls and cover scents can attract bears.
• Bring the equipment and people needed to help field dress game and remove the meat from the kill site quickly.
• If you need to leave part of the meat in the field during retrieval, hang it at least 10 feet off the ground, if possible, and at least 100 yards from the gut pile. Leave it in an open area where it can be observed from a distance of at least 200 yards.
• Upon your return, observe the meat with binoculars. Make noise while approaching the meat. If it has been disturbed or if a bear is in the area, leave and call FWP.
• Follow food storage orders from the applicable land management agency.

To learn more about how to be safe in bear country, click here.

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Thursday, Oct. 9th, 2025

Montana State experts offer way to assess and track soil health

Montana State University College of Agriculture doctoral student Erin Teichroew inspects Crested Wheat Grass. MSU photo by Colter Peterson

BOZEMAN
— When land managers modify their management to improve soil health, it is often challenging to measure and evaluate the soil’s response. 

“There is no optimum standard for soil health in the same way that there is an optimal body temperature for human health,” said Cathy Zabinski, professor of plant and soil ecology in MSU’s Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences.  

Soil health varies greatly by soil type and climate, so Zabinski and Zane Ashford, a former graduate student, studied a site-specific indicator of soil health. The soil health gap is the difference in soil health characteristics between managed, disturbed land, which includes cultivated, hayed or grazed fields, and minimally disturbed land. It is expressed as percentages; the larger the percent, the greater the difference in each soil health characteristic between the two soils. 

Ashford compared cultivated and uncultivated fields near Forsyth and Fort Benton and found a soil health gap of 40 to 60% for several indicators of soil health, such as the concentration of soil organic matter. The uncultivated sites were dominantly intact perennial plant communities, and the cultivated fields were under conservation farming practices to reduce soil disturbance, which included no-till, no summer fallow and rotation practices with perennials.  

“We would expect the soil health gap to be even larger in a cropping system that uses tillage and fallow largely because those practices offer less soil cover and return less residue to the soil,” said Clain Jones, MSU Extension soil fertility specialist and professor in the Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences. 

Land managers can measure the soil health gap by comparing soil characteristics of multiple soil samples from a managed area of interest to a similar, nearby and minimally disturbed site. Jones said matching the slope, elevation and aspect of the two locations offers the best test results to compare.  

While it can be difficult to find simple measures that characterize soil health, Zabinski and Ashford used biological indicators, such as soil enzyme activity, and chemical indicators, such as soil organic matter.  

“If the land manager wants a detailed evaluation, they can test for several additional biological, chemical and physical soil health indicators, but this can quickly get expensive,” Jones said.  
Two online reference sheets, The Soil Health Gap and Evaluating Soil Quality and Health, provided by Jones’ MSU Extension program, discuss many of the soil health characteristics that could be used. 

Jones said tracking the soil health gap every five years over a period of 15-20 years may help identify specific changes in field management that benefit soil health. One of the best ways to increase soil health is to return more plant residue to the soil, he said. On cropland, this can be done by converting ground planted with annual crops to perennials or replacing fallow with a crop. For pasture or hay fields, soil health can be improved by addressing factors that limit production, such as poor soil fertility, soil acidity, weeds or overgrazing. 

For more information on the soil health gap and soil health characteristics, visit The Soil Health Gap and Evaluating Soil Quality and Health. Additional reference sheets on soil health are available through Jones’ The Soil Scoop fact-sheet series. 

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Wednesday, Oct. 8th, 2025

Bozeman Police Department Launches Crime Dashboard



BOZEMAN – Bozeman Police Department now has a better way to track crime in the city: a comprehensive dashboard with three different tabs that showcase recent crimes, calls for service, and traffic incidents.

“This dashboard is part of a larger effort we have been undertaking as a department to increase transparency and build trust through data and storytelling,” Bozeman Police Chief Jim Veltkamp stated. “This dashboard really expands what a resident can do and how they can explore stats. They can filter by time or type of crime and get a better understanding of what crime looks like in their neighborhood or the city as a whole.”


The Calls for Service dashboard has been rebranded for improved readability. The Crime dashboard is new and tracks offenses, or illegal actions that can result in a case or citation. The Traffic dashboard is also new and was created in response to a common topic officers hear when engaging with community members.


“We collect a lot of great information in our databases as a city, and now that information is at your fingertips,” Veltkamp explained. “Major metropolitan areas have similar dashboards like this, and we’re the first city in Montana to offer a dashboard this comprehensive. We’re proud to offer this tool to our residents.”


To view the Crime Dashboard, visit www.bozemanpolice.com.

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Pheasant hunting season to open October 11

HELENA – Pheasant season opens on Saturday, Oct. 11, and FWP is busy with a second round of pheasant releases at several sites across the state.  

This fall, Montana Fish Wildlife & Parks will release nearly 18,000 birds on wildlife management areas, fishing access sites, and some school trust lands around the state. FWP released birds at several sites prior to the youth pheasant and waterfowl weekend. This week, FWP will release almost 2,000 pheasants at sites across the state.

This is the fourth year of the annual pheasant release program. In 2022, the Fish and Wildlife Commission approved the release of up to 50,000 pheasants annually on FWP WMAs through 2026. In 2021, the Legislature authorized spending up to $1 million each year for the program.  

The purpose of the pheasant release program is to give new hunters an opportunity to experience hunting success, encouraging their future participation in conservation around the state. In Montana, like other states, fish and wildlife conservation is funded primarily through license dollars. Hunting and fishing are an active way to support wildlife management, habitat protection and conservation efforts. 

To see a map of the release sites, go to fwp.mt.gov/hunt/roosters-for-recruitment. For more information on hunting pheasants and other upland game birds, go to fwp.mt.gov/hunt/regulations/upland-game-bird. To read the upland game bird forecast, click here. As hunters head into the field, they should keep bear safety in mind and remember the potential for fire danger.   

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